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SpineLumbar Microdiscectomy in Bangalore

lumbar microdiscectomy

A disc in the lower back can be fixed with a lumbar discectomy. When compared to an open lumbar discectomy, this procedure involves smaller cuts (incisions).

A series of bones known as vertebrae make up your backbone, also known as the spinal column. The spinal column contains your spinal cord. The bones aid in the cord’s defence against harm. Each vertebra has a disc in between it to act as a cushion and support. From the spinal cord, large nerves called nerve roots to emerge via foramina, tiny pores in the bones. Signals are sent and received by and from the body through these nerve roots. Your spinal cord acts as a conduit for the messages traveling to and from your brain.

One of these discs may occasionally have aging or injury-related weakening of its outer wall. The disc’s soft inner region protrudes when this occurs. A herniated or bulging disc is what this is. This protruding disc may put pressure on the spinal cord, resulting in symptoms like pain, tingling, or weakness in a surrounding body area.

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What causes lumbar microdiscectomy?

Herniated disc: The gel-like substance within the disc may enlarge or rupture as a result of a weak area in the supporting wall. Irritation and swelling occur when this substance squeezes out and uncomfortable pushes on a nerve.

Degenerative disc disease develops when discs deteriorate on their own, leading to the formation of bone spurs and inflammation of the facet joints. As they dry up and shrink, the discs lose their pliability and cushioning capabilities. The disc gaps are getting smaller. These modifications lead to stenosis or disc herniation.

What dangers are associated with lumbar discectomy?

Every procedure carries some risk. Among the risks of this procedure are:

  • Infection
  • Excess bleeding
  • Blood clots
  • Injury to nearby nerves
  • A response to anaesthetics
  • Only transient relief and the necessity for more surgery

Depending on your age and overall health, your risks may change. The dangers that most concern you should be discussed with your provider.

Lumbar Discectomy Surgery

On the operating table, patients will be placed on their backs to receive anesthesia. In order to support their chest and sides while they sleep, patients are rolled onto their stomachs. Prepare the area where the incision will be made by cleaning it. The surgeon inserts a small needle through the skin and down to the bone to view the affected vertebra and disc using a fluoroscope.

A skin incision is made across the injured vertebrae during an open discectomy, running down the middle of the patient’s back. The length of the incision depends on how many discectomies are being performed; a single-level incision is one to two inches long. The bone vertebra on one side is seen when the back muscles are drawn back.

During a minimally invasive discectomy, a small incision is made on the patient’s back on one side. Following a gradual separation of the muscles, a tunnel to the vertebral bone is constructed by running a series of progressively larger dilators around one another.

A minor incision is then made in the lamina above and below the spinal nerve using a drill or bone-biting tool. Numerous levels of the vertebrae and one or both sides can be laminotomized.

The surgeon carefully retracts the protective bag covering the nerve root after removing the lamina. Using a surgical microscope, the surgeon can see the herniated disc. Only the ruptured portion of the disc must be removed in order to decompress the spinal nerve root; the complete disc need not be removed. Additionally removed are any bone spurs or synovial cysts that can be putting pressure on the nerve root. Following a single-level lumbar discectomy, fusion is infrequently done. Other conditions, including recurrent disc herniation or spinal instability, may respond well to fusion therapy.

A retractor that is pulled out holds the muscles in place. The incision is closed using skin adhesive, and the muscle and skin wounds are repaired simultaneously with sutures or staples.

Recovery time

Compared to other, more invasive procedures, the recovery period is shorter. Most patients can anticipate being discharged from the hospital the same day or within 24 hours.

Before leaving the hospital, you’ll probably meet with a physical therapist and an occupational therapist. You will receive guidance from these therapists on how to lessen the amount of bending, lifting, and twisting you perform with your back.

The therapist could suggest some exercises for you to do to strengthen and stretch the muscles that surround your spine.

Driving, spending a lot of time sitting down, carrying anything heavy, and bending over should all be avoided just after surgery. Although you won’t be able to return to your regular activities right away, there shouldn’t be a significant change in your way of life.

You might need to take the first week or two off from work to rest or minimize your workload. Additionally, you must refrain from lifting anything heavy for two to four weeks after the procedure. Anything weighing more than 5 pounds falls under this category.

Additionally, you might need to gradually work your way back to your regular physical activities. For two to four weeks following the treatment, you might not be able to start exercising again or engaging in physical activities. The typical time to a full recovery is about 6 weeks.

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Diagnosis typically involves a combination of physical exams, imaging tests (X-rays, MRI), and blood tests to check for inflammation markers and the HLA-B27 gene, which is often linked to AS.

Treatment options include medications such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), biologics, and disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), along with physical therapy, exercise, and lifestyle modifications.

There is no cure for AS, but with proper treatment and management, symptoms can be significantly reduced, improving mobility and quality of life.

Regular exercise, especially stretching and strengthening exercises, is crucial in managing AS. It helps maintain flexibility, reduce pain, and improve posture and overall mobility.

There is a genetic component to AS, and individuals with a family history of the disease, especially those with the HLA-B27 gene, are at higher risk of developing the condition.

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