Sinusitis is a swelling or inflammation of the sinus tissue. Sinusitis is generally caused by a virus and can last long after other upper respiratory symptoms have subsided. A sinus infection can be caused by bacteria or, in rare situations, fungus.
Sinuses are four paired cavities in the skull. They are linked together by thin canals. The sinuses produce thin mucus that drains via the nasal passages. This drainage aids in keeping the nose clean and bacteria-free. The sinuses, which are normally filled with air, can become obstructed and fill with fluid. Bacteria can develop in this environment and cause an infection. When the sinus tissue is inflamed, the nasal tissue usually swells.
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